We present a ring-type Mamyshev oscillator with only one amplification stage. The design allows self-starting via modulation of the pump power, high pulse performance, and is suitable for all-fiber integration. © 2021 OSA.

Serial synchrotron crystallography (SSX) is enabling the efficient use of small crystals for structure-function studies of biomolecules and for drug discovery. An integrated SSX system has been developed comprising ultralow background-scatter sample holders suitable for room and cryogenic temperature crystallographic data collection, a sample-loading station and a humid 'gloveless' glovebox. The sample holders incorporate thin-film supports with a variety of designs optimized for different crystal-loading challenges.

Single spin arrays can serve as a scalable qubit platform. Here, we report the observation of arrays of single spins which are optically accessible through strain-induced localized positive trions residing in WSe2/CrI3 heterostructures. © 2021 OSA.

We present a sequence of driven-dissipative protocols for controlling cold atoms in tilted optical lattices. These experimentally accessible examples are templates that demonstrate how dissipation can be used to manipulate quantum many-body systems. We consider bosonic atoms trapped in a tilted optical lattice, immersed in a superfluid bath, and excited by coherent Raman lasers. With these ingredients, we are able to controllably transport atoms in the lattice and produce self-healing quantum states: a Mott insulator and the topologically ordered spin-1 Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki state.

Monolayer graphene aligned with hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) develops a gap at the charge neutrality point (CNP). This gap has previously been extensively studied by electrical transport through thermal activation measurements. Here, we report the determination of the gap size at the CNP of graphene/h-BN superlattice through photocurrent spectroscopy study. We demonstrate two distinct measurement approaches to extract the gap size. A maximum of ∼14 meV gap is observed for devices with a twist angle of less than 1°.

Diffraction data acquired from cryocooled protein crystals often include diffraction from ice. Analysis of ice diffraction from crystals of three proteins shows that the ice formed within solvent cavities during rapid cooling is comprised of a stacking-disordered mixture of hexagonal and cubic planes, with the cubic plane fraction increasing with increasing cryoprotectant concentration and increasing cooling rate. Building on the work of Thorn and coworkers [Thorn et al. (2017), Acta Cryst.

While CMOS scaling has long been driven by economic and performance concerns in macroscale systems such as computers and smartphones, it has also been recognized that such physically small electronic components could pave the way to vanishingly small autonomous systems. Originally dubbed 'smart dust', these emerging systems include ultra-small wireless sensors, ID tags, and even robots. Such 'Smart Dust' was envisioned to be smaller than a grain of sand, yet measuring and reporting signals around it while being powered and communicating entirely wirelessly [1], [2]. © 2021 IEEE.

We redesigned the upper-level chemical engineering laboratory sequence at Stanford University to shift the focus from learning various analytic techniques, to having students learn to make the same decisions that an expert experimentalist makes in the laboratory. Each course in the two-course sequence had different levels of structure and available agency to scaffold the decision-making process for students in a way that would help them practice making the relevant decisions.

Omitted variable bias occurs in most statistical models. Whenever a confounding variable that is correlated with both dependent and independent variables is omitted from a statistical model, estimated effects of included variables are likely to be biased due to omitted variables. This issue is particularly problematic in physics education research where many research studies are quasiexperimental or observational in nature due to ethical and logistical limitations.

Optical tweezers have become the method of choice in single-molecule manipulation studies. In this Primer, we first review the physical principles of optical tweezers and the characteristics that make them a powerful tool to investigate single molecules. We then introduce the modifications of the method to extend the measurement of forces and displacements to torques and angles, and to develop optical tweezers with single-molecule fluorescence detection capabilities.