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MBE growth of few-layer 2H-MoTe2 on 3D substrates

Cornell Affiliated Author(s)

Author

S. Vishwanath
A. Sundar
X. Liu
A. Azcatl
E. Lochocki
A.R. Woll
S. Rouvimov
W.S. Hwang
N. Lu
X. Peng
H.-H. Lien
J. Weisenberger
S. McDonnell
M.J. Kim
M. Dobrowolska
J.K. Furdyna
K. Shen
R.M. Wallace
D. Jena
H.G. Xing

Abstract

MoTe2 is the least explored material in the Molybdenum-chalcogen family. Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) provides a unique opportunity to tackle the small electronegativity difference between Mo and Te while growing layer by layer away from thermodynamic equilibrium. We find that for a few-layer MoTe2 grown at a moderate rate of ∼6 min per monolayer, a narrow window in temperature (above Te cell temperature) and Te:Mo ratio exists, where we can obtain pure phase 2H-MoTe2. This is confirmed using reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). For growth on CaF2, Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GI-XRD) reveals a grain size of ∼90 Å and presence of twinned grains. In this work, we hypothesis the presence of excess Te incorporation in MBE grown few layer 2H-MoTe2. For film on CaF2, it is based on >2 Te:Mo stoichiometry using XPS as well as ‘a’ and ‘c’ lattice spacing greater than bulk 2H-MoTe2. On GaAs, its based on observations of Te crystallite formation on film surface, 2 × 2 superstructure observed in RHEED and low energy electron diffraction, larger than bulk c-lattice spacing as well as the lack of electrical conductivity modulation by field effect. Finally, thermal stability and air sensitivity of MBE 2H-MoTe2 is investigated by temperature dependent XRD and XPS, respectively. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.

Date Published

Journal

Journal of Crystal Growth

Volume

482

Number of Pages

61-69,

URL

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85033393097&doi=10.1016%2fj.jcrysgro.2017.10.024&partnerID=40&md5=32ed49d030f5116a49c303ba67bb2c7c

DOI

10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2017.10.024

Group (Lab)

Kyle Shen Group

Funding Source

DMR-1120296
DMR 1433490
DMR 1400432
DMR-1332208

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