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Quantum butterfly effect in weakly interacting diffusive metals

Cornell Affiliated Author(s)

Author

A.A. Patel
Debanjan Chowdhury
S. Sachdev
B. Swingle

Abstract

We study scrambling, an avatar of chaos, in a weakly interacting metal in the presence of random potential disorder. It is well known that charge and heat spread via diffusion in such an interacting disordered metal. In contrast, we show within perturbation theory that chaos spreads in a ballistic fashion. The squared anticommutator of the electron-field operators inherits a light-cone-like growth, arising from an interplay of a growth (Lyapunov) exponent that scales as the inelastic electron scattering rate and a diffusive piece due to the presence of disorder. In two spatial dimensions, the Lyapunov exponent is universally related at weak coupling to the sheet resistivity. We are able to define an effective temperature-dependent butterfly velocity, a speed limit for the propagation of quantum information that is much slower than microscopic velocities such as the Fermi velocity and that is qualitatively similar to that of a quantum critical system with a dynamical critical exponent z > 1.

Date Published

Journal

Physical Review X

Volume

7

Issue

3

URL

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029697188&doi=10.1103%2fPhysRevX.7.031047&partnerID=40&md5=5b083599f9b54a470d4bc79f46921539

DOI

10.1103/PhysRevX.7.031047

Group (Lab)

Debanjan Chowdhury Group

Funding Source

1360789

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