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Universal features of higher-form symmetries at phase transitions

Cornell Affiliated Author(s)

Author

Xiao-Chuan Wu
Chao-Ming Jian
Cenke Xu

Abstract

We investigate the behavior of higher-form symmetries at various quantum phase transitions. We consider discrete 1-form symmetries, which can be either part of the generalized concept “categorical symmetry" (labelled as Z-N(1)) introduced recently, or an explicit Z(1) 1-form symmetry. We demonstrate that for many quantum phase transitions involvN ing a ZN(1) or Z-(1) symmetry, the following expectation value 〈(log OC)2〉 takes the form N 〈(log OC)2〉 ∼ − Aε P + b log P, where OC is an operator defined associated with loop C (or its interior A), which reduces to the Wilson loop operator for cases with an explicit ZN(1) 1-form symmetry. P is the perimeter of C, and the b log P term arises from the sharp corners of the loop C, which is consistent with recent numerics on a particular example. b is a universal microscopic-independent number, which in (2 + 1)d is related to the universal conductivity at the quantum phase transition. b can be computed exactly for certain transitions using the dualities between (2 + 1)d conformal field theories developed in recent years. We also compute the “strange correlator" of OC: SC = 〈0|OC|1〉/〈0|1〉 where |0〉 and |1〉 are many-body states with different topological nature. © X.-C. Wu et al. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Published by the SciPost Foundation.

Date Published

Journal

SciPost Physics

Volume

11

Issue

2

URL

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85113961726&doi=10.21468%2fSCIPOSTPHYS.11.2.033&partnerID=40&md5=729628445218d789a0f912d18ffc3f0b

DOI

10.21468/SCIPOSTPHYS.11.2.033

Group (Lab)

Chao-Ming Jian Group

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